不同代谢能、粗蛋白和粗纤维水平对太湖鹅生长性能和屠宰性能的影响

为探索不同能量、蛋白和粗纤维水平对太湖鹅生长发育和屠宰性能的影响,将3种营养成分在不同饲养阶段均采用单因子设计,分为高、中、低3种水平。育雏期(0~4周龄)粗蛋白为17%、19%和21%;代谢能为10.5、11.0和11.5 MJ/kg;粗纤维为3.5%、5.0%和6.5%。育肥期(5~11周龄)粗蛋白为15.5%、16.5%和17.5%;代谢能为10.00、10.65和11.75 MJ/kg;粗纤维为5.0%、6.5%和8.5%。每种营养成分在分成3种水平时,其它营养成分为中等水平,营养成分相同的3个中等水平组合并为一组。将刚出壳雏鹅随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复100只,公母各半。每组饲喂不同营养水平的日粮,观测各组增重、饲料转化比和屠宰性能。结果表明:在育雏期中等蛋白组增重显著大于其它组(P0.05),低蛋白组饲料转化比显著大于高蛋白组(P0.05);不同代谢能水平增重和饲料转化比差异均不显著(P0.05);不同粗纤维水平增重差异不显著(P0.05),高粗纤维组的饲料转化比显著大于其它组(P0.05)。在育肥期不同蛋白水平增重差异不显著(P0.05),各组间饲料转化比差异均显著(P0.05),低蛋白组最低,中等蛋白组最高;中等代谢能组增重显著高于其它组(P0.05),高代谢能组饲料转化比显著小于低代谢能组(P0.05);不同粗纤维水平的增重和饲料转化比差异均显著(P0.05),且均为中等粗纤维组最好,高粗纤维组最差。屠宰测定结果显示,仅见低能组的胸肌率显著高于高、中能组(P0.05),其它指标差异均不显著(P0.05)。建议太湖鹅育雏期日粮采用19%粗蛋白质、10.50 MJ/kg代谢能和3.5%粗纤维为宜;育肥期日粮采用15.5%粗蛋白、10.65 MJ/kg代谢能和6.5%粗纤维为宜。     

富硒女贞子粗多糖对小鼠免疫功能的影响

从富硒女贞子及女贞子中提取粗多糖,探讨其对小鼠免疫功能的影响。将90只小鼠随机均分为3组:对照组、富硒女贞子粗多糖组、普通女贞子粗多糖组。对照组灌服生理盐水,试验组小鼠灌服粗多糖液,灌服2次,每次连续5 d。2次灌胃的第3天注射卵清蛋白,二免后测定胸腺脾脏指数;MTT法检测脾淋巴细胞增殖水平;ELISA试剂盒检测血清中IL-2、IL-4、IFN-γ生成水平及相应抗体生成水平。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验组脾脏和胸腺指数明显升高,脾淋巴细胞增殖作用显著提高;IL-2、IL-4、IFN-γ生成水平明显提高,其中IFN-γ与对照组存在显著差异;而对特异性卵清抗体生成影响不大。这表明富硒女贞子粗多糖较普通女贞子粗多糖能更好地促进机体非特异性免疫及细胞免疫,从而增强机体免疫功能,在特异性体液免疫的作用方面则没有表现出明显的规律性,还需进一步研究。     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of N and M Genes of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus Guangxi Strain

To investigate genetic variation of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Guangxi province,one strain of IBV was isolated from chicken.Two pairs of primers for amplifying the N and M genes of IBV were designed according to the sequences in GenBank.The N and M genes of the strain were amplified by RT-PCR,and they were proved to be the N and M genes of IBV by cloning,sequencing and compared with reference IBV strains published in GenBank.The results showed that the N gene from the IBV isolate consisted of 1 230 bp,coding 409 amino acids.The M gene from the IBV isolate consisted of 678 bp,coding 225 amino acids.The sequence analysis of N gene showed that it shared 87.2% to 93.3% nucleotide homologies and 90.0% to 94.4% deduced amino acid sequence homologies with IBV strains from GenBank.The M gene sequence analysis showed that it shared 83.6% to 91.0% nucleotide homologies and 82.7% to 92.9% deduced amino acid sequence homologies.The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that it was closely related to BJ and LX4 strains,and were clustered into one group;But with the distant relatives from other strains of IBV.These results suggested that the isolate was a new variant of IBV.     

Isolation,Identification and Analysis of Serotype and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Pathogenic Salmonella from Chickens

To investigate the situations of predominant strain and antibiotic resistance of pathogenic Salmonella from chickens in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, Salmonella was pre-enriched and isolated from tissues of clinical suspected chickens, and the Salmonella isolates were identified by biochemical test using ID 32E System for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae of VITEK System ATB Expression, serotypes were determined by slid agglutination test, antibiotic susceptibility was analyzed by ATB VET Susceptibility Test Strip of Enterobacteriaceae antibiotics.The results showed that 34 Salmonella strains were obtained from 310 clinical samples, of which 1 strain belonged to A serogroup, 1 to C2 serogroup, 15 to B serogroup, 14 to D serogroup and 3 to untyped serogroup, and S.typhimurium of B serogroup and S.pullorum of D serogroup were the predominant serotypes.All Salmonella isolates were sensitive to meropenem, imipenem, spectinomycine and apramycine, and the resistance rates to chloramphenicol, kanamycine and gentamicine were less than 10%, and the resistance rates to amoxicillin, streptomycine, flumequine, oxolinique, sulfamethizol, tetracycline and nitrofurantoine ranged between 50% and 90%, while the resistance rates to penicilline, oxacilline, fusidique, rifampicine and metronidazole reached to 100%.The results indicated that the serotype distribution of pathogenic Salmonella from chickens exhibited regional characteristics, and S.typhimurium and S.pullorum were the predominant serotypes in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region, and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolates was very serious which should be highly concerned.     

数学形态学在木材表面缺陷图像分割后处理中的应用

介绍了数学形态学的基本思想和运算。针对木材表面缺陷图像分割效果不完善的问题,提出基于数学形态学的图像后处理方法,包括应用数学形态学的填充操作、形态滤波以及形态梯度边缘检测等。经实验验证,应用数学形态学进行图像后处理,增强了木材缺陷图像分割结果的可视性和准确性。     

毛竹林主要害虫工程治理技术

竹产业是浙江省龙游县最具优势、最有发展潜力的支柱产业。全县现有毛竹(Phyl lostachyspubescensMazelexH.deLehaie)林面积21344hm2,占有林地面积的35 2%,竹业年产值达10亿余元。毛竹主要虫害是该产业发展的最大障碍之一。为寻求安全、有效的治理技术,实现毛竹林主要害虫的可持续控制,自1990年以来,结合竹林生产防护,作者开始对毛竹林主要害虫的综合治理技术进行研究,并于1998年正式立项实施毛竹林主要害虫工程治理。1　工程治理区概况工程治理区毛竹林面积19449.7hm2,占全县毛竹林面积的91 2%,涉及7乡1镇。竹林集中连片,单一纯林占88 7%…     

杨树新植林区黑绒金龟子虫害最佳防治方法的研究

黑绒金龟子是杨树新植林最重要的食叶害虫,通过不同方法的防治实验,选择蘸农药插枝诱杀,是防治黑绒金龟子最有效的办法,并且省工、省力,消灭虫害较为彻底。     

园林中的引鸟设计

园林设计中鸟声是园林虚景的重要方面，同时也是生态园林的具体体现。本文通过对园林植物和鸟类生活习性的考察研究，提出在园林中吸引鸟类的设计措施，即从为鸟类提供生存小环境、食物、栖息地等几方面入手，论述了园林中引鸟的具体方法和鸟类对园林景观的提升作用。扩展人们的欣赏视野和提高人们的环境意识。     

反义PSY基因植物表达载体的构建及其对中国水仙的转化

实验从中国水仙花瓣中分离得到该基因的572bp的片段，将该片段反向连接到pCAMBIA1301双元载体质粒上，得到CaMV 35S组成型启动子的表达载体pCAM35S-PSY，用“冻融法”将pCAM35S-PSY质粒转入农杆菌LBA4404和EHA105两个菌株中。PCR扩增和酶切鉴定结果表明，所构建的反义表达载体pCAM35S-PSY是正确的并已经成功导入农杆菌中。随后，按照业已建立的遗传转化体系对中国水仙进行了遗传转化，得到了转基因抗性芽。     

细柄阿丁枫人工混交林生长过程的研究

对华口16年生和二重山35年生细柄阿丁枫人工混交状态下生长过程的研究表明:由于树种组成、林分密度和树龄不同,两地细柄阿丁枫的生长过程有差异,但均表现出生长潜力大的特点。二重山由于长期受林分密度过大的影响,林木营养空间不足,长的细高,高径比失调,其胸径和材积连年、平均生长量小于华口,华口细柄阿丁枫早期速生特征明显。华口16年生和二重山35年生的细柄阿丁枫材积连年生长量与平均生长量尚未相交,说明具有培育大径材的潜力。